Beard combs – what to look for when choosing


Beard combs – what to look for when choosing


A well-groomed beard requires more than just a trimmer and some oil – the right beard comb can make a big difference to appearance and comfort. A good comb helps distribute products evenly, detangle hair, and shape the beard so it looks neat. But with the wide range of materials, sizes, and tooth types on the market, choosing one can be difficult.
In this article, you’ll get an overview of what to look for when choosing a beard comb, the types available, and which brands are worth knowing.
The article presents a wide selection of beard combs in various materials, sizes, and price ranges. The aim is to provide an informative overview of the features that distinguish the products from one another, so you can more easily find a comb that suits your beard type and preferences. The information about the products is based on descriptions from manufacturers and retailers and has been summarised to provide a clear and neutral overview.
Factors to consider when buying a beard comb
Choosing a beard comb is about more than just appearance. Material, tooth spacing, and size have a major impact on how the comb performs in practice.
1. Material
Beard combs are usually made of wood, horn, metal, or plastic.
- Wooden combs are popular for their natural feel and ability to reduce static electricity.
- Horn combs are smooth and gentle on the hair but require a bit more care.
- Metal and steel combs are durable and easy to clean but can be harsh on the skin if not rounded.
- Plastic combs are inexpensive and lightweight but can generate static electricity and break more easily.
2. Tooth spacing
The teeth of the comb have a major influence on how it works with your beard.
- Fine teeth are good for short beards and precise shaping.
- Combs with wide teeth are ideal for longer or thicker beards, as they glide through the hair more easily without pulling.
3. Size and shape
A small comb is great for travel or your pocket, while a larger comb offers more control at home. Some combs have handles for better grip, while others are flat and compact. Consider how you’ll mainly use the comb.
4. Surface and finish
A good beard comb should have smooth, rounded teeth so it doesn’t pull hair or irritate the skin. Also, make sure the material is treated to withstand moisture and oil if you use beard care products.
5. Price and quality
The price depends on material and craftsmanship. A cheap plastic comb can be good for beginners, but a handcrafted wooden or horn comb often lasts longer and is more pleasant to use. Consider how often you use the comb and whether it’s worth investing in quality.
Products in focus

The Njord Beard Comb is a handcrafted comb specifically designed to detangle and shape the beard. Unlike conventional combs, it features a tooth spacing suitable for denser and longer beard types such as full beards.
The comb is made from 100% pure pearwood, which has been sanded and polished to achieve a smooth surface. The material makes the comb pleasant to handle and gives it a natural appearance.
The wood has the property of absorbing a small amount of beard oil, which means that the comb gradually releases oil during use. This helps to keep the beard soft and well-groomed over time.
The comb measures approximately 13.5 cm in length and 5.5 cm in width, making it easy to use daily. It is suitable for use with beard oil and can be used daily to keep the beard in shape.
- Material: Made from 100% pearwood, sanded and polished for a smooth finish.
- Design: Designed with suitable tooth spacing for dense and longer beards.
- Gentle on hair: Reduces the risk of pulling or straining the beard.
- Natural oil absorption: The wood stores beard oil and releases some with each use.
- Size: Length 13.5 cm, width 5.5 cm.
Pros and cons
- Natural material without static electricity
- Suitable for dense and long beards
- Comfortable to hold and use
- Can be used together with beard oil
- Wood material requires care to avoid moisture damage
- Not suitable for very short beards or precision combing
Pros and cons
Pros
- Natural material without static electricity
- Suitable for dense and long beards
- Comfortable to hold and use
- Can be used together with beard oil
Cons
- Wood material requires care to avoid moisture damage
- Not suitable for very short beards or precision combing
Pros
- Natural material without static electricity
- Suitable for dense and long beards
- Comfortable to hold and use
- Can be used together with beard oil
Cons
- Wood material requires care to avoid moisture damage
- Not suitable for very short beards or precision combing
Specifications
- Material: 100% pearwood
- Length: 13.5 cm
- Width: 5.5 cm
- Manufacturer: Grønn
- Manufacturer address: Møgelhøj 8, 8520 Lystrup, Denmark
- Contact: www.firtal.com
- Item number: M4M-NJORD-COMB0417

The Beviro Beard Comb Pear wood is a handheld beard comb made of pear wood. It has two sides – one with fine teeth and one with wider spacing – making it suitable for both shorter and longer beard types.
The comb is designed to evenly distribute beard oil or balm throughout the beard, making the hair easier to shape and maintain. The smooth wooden surface reduces the risk of pulling on the hair during use.
With its compact size, the comb is easy to carry, and the natural material gives it a warm and classic appearance. The pear wood also contributes to a light yet sturdy construction.
- Double-sided design: Combines a fine and a coarse comb in one tool.
- Natural material: Made from pear wood with a smooth surface.
- Compact size: Easy to carry.
- Suitable for beard care: Helps distribute oil and balm evenly throughout the beard.
Pros and cons
- Natural and durable pear wood material
- Two different tooth spacings for different beard types
- Lightweight and easy to carry
- Can be used with beard oil or balm
- Wood requires some maintenance to retain its smoothness
- Not suitable for use in very humid environments
Pros and cons
Pros
- Natural and durable pear wood material
- Two different tooth spacings for different beard types
- Lightweight and easy to carry
- Can be used with beard oil or balm
Cons
- Wood requires some maintenance to retain its smoothness
- Not suitable for use in very humid environments
Pros
- Natural and durable pear wood material
- Two different tooth spacings for different beard types
- Lightweight and easy to carry
- Can be used with beard oil or balm
Cons
- Wood requires some maintenance to retain its smoothness
- Not suitable for use in very humid environments
Specifications
- Manufacturer: Beviro
- Model: TO015
- Material: Pear wood
- EAN: 8594191205099
- Item number: 3161437
- Type: Beard comb with fine and coarse sides

PARSA Double-sided beard is a double-sided wooden beard comb. It has been designed to gently comb and shape the beard while preventing static electricity.
The comb has two sides with different tooth spacing: the coarse-toothed side is suitable for taming and combing a thick full beard, while the fine-toothed side is ideal for shaping and maintaining the moustache or shorter beard areas.
The wooden material gives the comb a natural finish and makes it pleasant to use, while also helping to evenly distribute the natural oils in the beard.
- Double-sided design: Combines coarse and fine tooth spacing for different beard types.
- Antistatic effect: The wooden material reduces static electricity during use.
- Natural material: Made of wood for a pleasant and durable experience.
- Versatile use: Suitable for both full beards and moustaches.
Pros and cons
- Two sides with different tooth spacing offer flexibility
- Wooden material prevents static electricity
- Suitable for both long and short beards
- Wood requires some maintenance to preserve quality
- Not suitable for use in very humid environments
Pros and cons
Pros
- Two sides with different tooth spacing offer flexibility
- Wooden material prevents static electricity
- Suitable for both long and short beards
Cons
- Wood requires some maintenance to preserve quality
- Not suitable for use in very humid environments
Pros
- Two sides with different tooth spacing offer flexibility
- Wooden material prevents static electricity
- Suitable for both long and short beards
Cons
- Wood requires some maintenance to preserve quality
- Not suitable for use in very humid environments
Specifications
- Manufacturer: PARSA
- Model: P00048012
- Item number: 3140248
- EAN: 4001065692120
- Material: Wood
- Type: Double-sided beard comb

The Percy Nobleman Beard Comb is a handcrafted comb made from pearwood, giving it a natural and durable appearance. The material makes the comb pleasant to use and gentle on hair and skin.
The comb is designed to remove dust, dirt, and residue from grooming products from the beard. It helps distribute oils and balms evenly, leaving the beard smooth and well-groomed.
With its compact design, it is easy to carry and suitable for both shorter and longer beard types. The solid construction ensures a long lifespan with proper use and storage.
- Handcrafted quality: Made from pearwood for a natural and robust appearance.
- Gentle care: Helps remove dirt and excess product without stressing the hair.
- Even distribution: Distributes beard oil and balm effectively throughout the beard.
- Compact design: Easy to carry in a toiletry bag or pocket.
Pros and cons
- Natural material made from pearwood
- Handcrafted and robust construction
- Suitable for daily beard care
- Lightweight and portable
- Wood requires some maintenance to preserve quality
- Not suitable for use in very humid environments
Pros and cons
Pros
- Natural material made from pearwood
- Handcrafted and robust construction
- Suitable for daily beard care
- Lightweight and portable
Cons
- Wood requires some maintenance to preserve quality
- Not suitable for use in very humid environments
Pros
- Natural material made from pearwood
- Handcrafted and robust construction
- Suitable for daily beard care
- Lightweight and portable
Cons
- Wood requires some maintenance to preserve quality
- Not suitable for use in very humid environments
Specifications
- Manufacturer: Percy Nobleman
- Model: PN00700
- EAN: 700604498363
- Item number: 2982878
- Material: Pearwood
- Manufacturing method: Handcrafted
- Product type: Beard comb

The Gordon Beard Angle Cutting Comb was developed to give the user control over the shape and lines of the beard. It serves as a guide that makes trimming and styling the beard easier, ensuring both sides are even.
The comb is made of hard plastic, making it durable and easy to handle. It can be adjusted to different angles to suit various beard types and desired shapes.
The product comes with instructions showing how to best use the comb to achieve a precise and symmetrical result. This makes it suitable for both beginners and experienced beard groomers.
- Adjustable angle: Allows precise shaping of the beard in different styles.
- Durable material: Made of hard plastic for durability and stability.
- Even result: Helps create symmetry in the beard on both sides.
- User-friendly: Comes with instructions explaining the correct use.
Pros and cons
- Makes it easier to achieve an even and symmetrical beard
- Can be used with different beard shapes and lengths
- Lightweight and durable construction
- Requires no electricity or batteries
- Requires some practice to achieve the best results
- Works best in combination with a separate trimmer or scissors
Pros and cons
Pros
- Makes it easier to achieve an even and symmetrical beard
- Can be used with different beard shapes and lengths
- Lightweight and durable construction
- Requires no electricity or batteries
Cons
- Requires some practice to achieve the best results
- Works best in combination with a separate trimmer or scissors
Pros
- Makes it easier to achieve an even and symmetrical beard
- Can be used with different beard shapes and lengths
- Lightweight and durable construction
- Requires no electricity or batteries
Cons
- Requires some practice to achieve the best results
- Works best in combination with a separate trimmer or scissors
Specifications
- Product type: Beard comb with adjustable angle
- Material: Hard plastic
- Colour: Black
- Functions: Shaping, defining, and styling the beard
- Includes: Instruction manual
- Brand: Gordon
- Manufacturer address: Via L. Giuntini 34/A – 50053 Empoli (FI), Italy
- Manufacturer email: info@laborprosrl.com
Product descriptions

The Njord Beard Comb is a handcrafted comb specifically designed to detangle and shape the beard. Unlike conventional combs, it features a tooth spacing suitable for denser and longer beard types such as full beards.
The comb is made from 100% pure pearwood, which has been sanded and polished to achieve a smooth surface. The material makes the comb pleasant to handle and gives it a natural appearance.
The wood has the property of absorbing a small amount of beard oil, which means that the comb gradually releases oil during use. This helps to keep the beard soft and well-groomed over time.
The comb measures approximately 13.5 cm in length and 5.5 cm in width, making it easy to use daily. It is suitable for use with beard oil and can be used daily to keep the beard in shape.
- Material: Made from 100% pearwood, sanded and polished for a smooth finish.
- Design: Designed with suitable tooth spacing for dense and longer beards.
- Gentle on hair: Reduces the risk of pulling or straining the beard.
- Natural oil absorption: The wood stores beard oil and releases some with each use.
- Size: Length 13.5 cm, width 5.5 cm.
Pros and cons
- Natural material without static electricity
- Suitable for dense and long beards
- Comfortable to hold and use
- Can be used together with beard oil
- Wood material requires care to avoid moisture damage
- Not suitable for very short beards or precision combing
Pros and cons
Pros
- Natural material without static electricity
- Suitable for dense and long beards
- Comfortable to hold and use
- Can be used together with beard oil
Cons
- Wood material requires care to avoid moisture damage
- Not suitable for very short beards or precision combing
Pros
- Natural material without static electricity
- Suitable for dense and long beards
- Comfortable to hold and use
- Can be used together with beard oil
Cons
- Wood material requires care to avoid moisture damage
- Not suitable for very short beards or precision combing
Specifications
- Material: 100% pearwood
- Length: 13.5 cm
- Width: 5.5 cm
- Manufacturer: Grønn
- Manufacturer address: Møgelhøj 8, 8520 Lystrup, Denmark
- Contact: www.firtal.com
- Item number: M4M-NJORD-COMB0417

The Beviro Beard Comb Pear wood is a handheld beard comb made of pear wood. It has two sides – one with fine teeth and one with wider spacing – making it suitable for both shorter and longer beard types.
The comb is designed to evenly distribute beard oil or balm throughout the beard, making the hair easier to shape and maintain. The smooth wooden surface reduces the risk of pulling on the hair during use.
With its compact size, the comb is easy to carry, and the natural material gives it a warm and classic appearance. The pear wood also contributes to a light yet sturdy construction.
- Double-sided design: Combines a fine and a coarse comb in one tool.
- Natural material: Made from pear wood with a smooth surface.
- Compact size: Easy to carry.
- Suitable for beard care: Helps distribute oil and balm evenly throughout the beard.
Pros and cons
- Natural and durable pear wood material
- Two different tooth spacings for different beard types
- Lightweight and easy to carry
- Can be used with beard oil or balm
- Wood requires some maintenance to retain its smoothness
- Not suitable for use in very humid environments
Pros and cons
Pros
- Natural and durable pear wood material
- Two different tooth spacings for different beard types
- Lightweight and easy to carry
- Can be used with beard oil or balm
Cons
- Wood requires some maintenance to retain its smoothness
- Not suitable for use in very humid environments
Pros
- Natural and durable pear wood material
- Two different tooth spacings for different beard types
- Lightweight and easy to carry
- Can be used with beard oil or balm
Cons
- Wood requires some maintenance to retain its smoothness
- Not suitable for use in very humid environments
Specifications
- Manufacturer: Beviro
- Model: TO015
- Material: Pear wood
- EAN: 8594191205099
- Item number: 3161437
- Type: Beard comb with fine and coarse sides

PARSA Double-sided beard is a double-sided wooden beard comb. It has been designed to gently comb and shape the beard while preventing static electricity.
The comb has two sides with different tooth spacing: the coarse-toothed side is suitable for taming and combing a thick full beard, while the fine-toothed side is ideal for shaping and maintaining the moustache or shorter beard areas.
The wooden material gives the comb a natural finish and makes it pleasant to use, while also helping to evenly distribute the natural oils in the beard.
- Double-sided design: Combines coarse and fine tooth spacing for different beard types.
- Antistatic effect: The wooden material reduces static electricity during use.
- Natural material: Made of wood for a pleasant and durable experience.
- Versatile use: Suitable for both full beards and moustaches.
Pros and cons
- Two sides with different tooth spacing offer flexibility
- Wooden material prevents static electricity
- Suitable for both long and short beards
- Wood requires some maintenance to preserve quality
- Not suitable for use in very humid environments
Pros and cons
Pros
- Two sides with different tooth spacing offer flexibility
- Wooden material prevents static electricity
- Suitable for both long and short beards
Cons
- Wood requires some maintenance to preserve quality
- Not suitable for use in very humid environments
Pros
- Two sides with different tooth spacing offer flexibility
- Wooden material prevents static electricity
- Suitable for both long and short beards
Cons
- Wood requires some maintenance to preserve quality
- Not suitable for use in very humid environments
Specifications
- Manufacturer: PARSA
- Model: P00048012
- Item number: 3140248
- EAN: 4001065692120
- Material: Wood
- Type: Double-sided beard comb

The Percy Nobleman Beard Comb is a handcrafted comb made from pearwood, giving it a natural and durable appearance. The material makes the comb pleasant to use and gentle on hair and skin.
The comb is designed to remove dust, dirt, and residue from grooming products from the beard. It helps distribute oils and balms evenly, leaving the beard smooth and well-groomed.
With its compact design, it is easy to carry and suitable for both shorter and longer beard types. The solid construction ensures a long lifespan with proper use and storage.
- Handcrafted quality: Made from pearwood for a natural and robust appearance.
- Gentle care: Helps remove dirt and excess product without stressing the hair.
- Even distribution: Distributes beard oil and balm effectively throughout the beard.
- Compact design: Easy to carry in a toiletry bag or pocket.
Pros and cons
- Natural material made from pearwood
- Handcrafted and robust construction
- Suitable for daily beard care
- Lightweight and portable
- Wood requires some maintenance to preserve quality
- Not suitable for use in very humid environments
Pros and cons
Pros
- Natural material made from pearwood
- Handcrafted and robust construction
- Suitable for daily beard care
- Lightweight and portable
Cons
- Wood requires some maintenance to preserve quality
- Not suitable for use in very humid environments
Pros
- Natural material made from pearwood
- Handcrafted and robust construction
- Suitable for daily beard care
- Lightweight and portable
Cons
- Wood requires some maintenance to preserve quality
- Not suitable for use in very humid environments
Specifications
- Manufacturer: Percy Nobleman
- Model: PN00700
- EAN: 700604498363
- Item number: 2982878
- Material: Pearwood
- Manufacturing method: Handcrafted
- Product type: Beard comb

The Gordon Beard Angle Cutting Comb was developed to give the user control over the shape and lines of the beard. It serves as a guide that makes trimming and styling the beard easier, ensuring both sides are even.
The comb is made of hard plastic, making it durable and easy to handle. It can be adjusted to different angles to suit various beard types and desired shapes.
The product comes with instructions showing how to best use the comb to achieve a precise and symmetrical result. This makes it suitable for both beginners and experienced beard groomers.
- Adjustable angle: Allows precise shaping of the beard in different styles.
- Durable material: Made of hard plastic for durability and stability.
- Even result: Helps create symmetry in the beard on both sides.
- User-friendly: Comes with instructions explaining the correct use.
Pros and cons
- Makes it easier to achieve an even and symmetrical beard
- Can be used with different beard shapes and lengths
- Lightweight and durable construction
- Requires no electricity or batteries
- Requires some practice to achieve the best results
- Works best in combination with a separate trimmer or scissors
Pros and cons
Pros
- Makes it easier to achieve an even and symmetrical beard
- Can be used with different beard shapes and lengths
- Lightweight and durable construction
- Requires no electricity or batteries
Cons
- Requires some practice to achieve the best results
- Works best in combination with a separate trimmer or scissors
Pros
- Makes it easier to achieve an even and symmetrical beard
- Can be used with different beard shapes and lengths
- Lightweight and durable construction
- Requires no electricity or batteries
Cons
- Requires some practice to achieve the best results
- Works best in combination with a separate trimmer or scissors
Specifications
- Product type: Beard comb with adjustable angle
- Material: Hard plastic
- Colour: Black
- Functions: Shaping, defining, and styling the beard
- Includes: Instruction manual
- Brand: Gordon
- Manufacturer address: Via L. Giuntini 34/A – 50053 Empoli (FI), Italy
- Manufacturer email: info@laborprosrl.com
Other products

The Parsa Men beard comb is a double-sided wooden comb designed to make combing and shaping the beard easier. One side has coarse teeth suitable for thick and strong beards, while the other side has fine teeth suitable for more detailed work such as the moustache or shorter beard.
The comb helps to detangle tangled hair and distribute natural oils evenly through the beard, contributing to a well-groomed appearance. The wooden material reduces the risk of static electricity, allowing the beard to maintain its natural shape.
With its compact size, the comb is easy to carry in a toiletry bag and can be used both at home and on the go as part of a daily grooming routine.
- Double-sided design: Coarse and fine teeth for different beard types.
- Antistatic material: Wood reduces static electricity in the beard.
- Versatile use: Suitable for full beard and moustache.
- Natural material: Made of wood for a classic and durable look.
Pros and cons
- Double-sided function offers flexibility in use
- Wood material reduces static electricity
- Suitable for long and short beards
- Lightweight and portable
- Wood requires some care to maintain quality
- Not suitable for use on a wet beard as wood can be damaged
Pros and cons
Pros
- Double-sided function offers flexibility in use
- Wood material reduces static electricity
- Suitable for long and short beards
- Lightweight and portable
Cons
- Wood requires some care to maintain quality
- Not suitable for use on a wet beard as wood can be damaged
Pros
- Double-sided function offers flexibility in use
- Wood material reduces static electricity
- Suitable for long and short beards
- Lightweight and portable
Cons
- Wood requires some care to maintain quality
- Not suitable for use on a wet beard as wood can be damaged
Specifications
- Product name: Parsa Men Beard Comb
- Type: Double-sided beard comb
- Material: Wood
- Use: For full beard and moustache
- EAN: 04001065692120
- Manufacturer: Cimi Beauty Bags ApS, Navervænget 4, 6710 Esbjerg V, Denmark

The Parsa Men Beard Comb is a double-sided wooden comb designed to help with shaping and grooming the beard. One side has wide teeth, making it easier to comb through a thick or full beard without pulling the hair.
The other side has fine teeth, suitable for more precise styling of the moustache or shorter beard areas. The combination of the two sides makes the comb versatile and useful for daily care.
The wooden material helps reduce static electricity, making the beard look smoother and more well-groomed. The comb is compact and easy to carry, making it practical for both home use and travel.
- Double-sided design: One side with wide teeth and one with fine teeth for different beard types.
- Natural material: Made of wood that reduces static electricity.
- Versatile use: Suitable for full beard and moustache.
- Compact size: Easy to carry in a toiletry bag or pocket.
Pros and cons
- Double-sided function offers flexibility in use
- Wood material reduces static electricity
- Suitable for long and short beards
- Lightweight and portable
- Wood requires gentle cleaning to maintain durability
- Not suitable for use on a wet beard, as moisture can affect the material
Pros and cons
Pros
- Double-sided function offers flexibility in use
- Wood material reduces static electricity
- Suitable for long and short beards
- Lightweight and portable
Cons
- Wood requires gentle cleaning to maintain durability
- Not suitable for use on a wet beard, as moisture can affect the material
Pros
- Double-sided function offers flexibility in use
- Wood material reduces static electricity
- Suitable for long and short beards
- Lightweight and portable
Cons
- Wood requires gentle cleaning to maintain durability
- Not suitable for use on a wet beard, as moisture can affect the material
Specifications
- Product type: Beard comb
- Design: Double-sided with two tooth widths
- Material: Wood
- Colour: Black
- Features: Reduces static electricity
Different types of beard combs
Beard combs come in many varieties, each suited to different needs and beard types.
1. Pocket and travel combs
These compact combs are designed for use on the go. They fit easily into a toiletry bag or jacket pocket and are perfect for a quick touch-up during the day. Many come with a protective case or a folding design.
2. Double combs
A double comb has both fine and wide teeth, so you can use it for short and long beards. This makes it versatile and practical if you vary your beard length or want one comb for multiple purposes.
3. Combs with handles
Combs with handles offer better control, especially for precise shaping along the jawline and moustache. They are often slightly larger but provide a more accurate result.
4. Electric beard combs
A newer category is electric beard combs, which combine a comb and a heating element. They are used to straighten and shape the beard and are useful if you have curly or hard-to-manage hair.
5. Moustache combs
Small combs with fine teeth are perfect for the moustache, where precision is important. They help distribute wax and shape the hair without clumping.
Different brands of beard combs
The market for beard combs ranges from classic barber brands to modern grooming companies.
Kent
Kent is a traditional British brand known for high-quality handmade combs. Their beard combs are often made from sawn acetate, which provides smooth teeth and long durability.
Beardbrand
Beardbrand focuses on modern beard care and offers combs made of wood and metal. The design is minimalist, and the products are designed for daily use and easy maintenance.
Percy Nobleman
Percy Nobleman combines classic style with functionality. Their combs are often made from pear or beech wood and are suitable for both short and long beards.
The Bluebeards Revenge
This British brand is known for its robust and masculine products. Their combs are usually made from durable materials and designed for everyday use.
Viking Revolution
Viking Revolution offers affordable beard combs made of wood and horn, often as part of sets with oil and balm. They cater to men who want a complete beard care kit.
Frequently asked questions
Why use a beard comb?
A beard comb helps keep the beard tidy, distribute oil and balm evenly, and prevent tangles. It also stimulates the skin under the beard and can reduce itching.
How often should you comb your beard?
Most people benefit from combing their beard daily – ideally after showering, when the hair is soft. This helps shape the beard and distribute natural oils.
Should you use a comb or a brush?
A comb is best for detangling and shaping, while a brush is good for adding volume and distributing oil. Many use both as part of their daily routine.
How do you clean a beard comb?
Wash the comb regularly in lukewarm water with mild soap. Dry it thoroughly, especially if it’s made of wood or horn, so it doesn’t get damaged by moisture.
Which comb is best for a long beard?
For long or thick beards, a comb with wide teeth made of wood or horn is recommended. It glides more easily through the hair and reduces the risk of pulling or breaking.










